What role does an operating system play in a computer?

The operating system (OS) plays a crucial role in the overall functionality of a computer by managing hardware and software resources and providing common services for various computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between users and the hardware, allowing users to perform tasks on the computer without needing to understand the low-level details of how the hardware operates.

The OS manages hardware resources by controlling various components such as the CPU, memory, storage devices, and input/output peripherals. It allocates and deallocates resources as needed, ensuring that programs do not interfere with one another and that the system runs efficiently. Furthermore, it provides a user interface that allows users to interact with the computer's hardware and software, be it through command-line interfaces or graphical user interfaces.

In addition, the operating system provides essential services for application programs, such as managing file systems, handling input/output requests, and maintaining security protocols. This central role is what makes a computer system functional and user-friendly, enabling users to run applications smoothly and effectively.